Batagor Gembel

Fried Tofu meatballs, or who is better known by the term comes from the famousbatagor city, but creative figures Satrio Hadisnugroho Wiwit Sudana as a pioneerand unique batagor create new innovations from batagor, batagor Gembel name.

Batagor Gembe named because innovation batagor with the taste of the famousrestaurant with typical fish, blackpepper sauce, barbeque sauce and the sauceused oriental.Tahu also know the options and combined with flour katsu typicalJapanese dishes, adding flavor from batagor. In addition there are many variations and is equipped with a menu of other innovations. With the motto ”PriceGembel, But That’s always stuck feeling”, where product prices are veryaffordable for all walks of life. Therefore, it is named batagor batagor Gembel.

Culinary business was first carried out by the ubuntu one student and her brotherSatrio Hadisnugroho Wiwit Sudana. They pioneered this business starting fromscratch where when you first attempt to sell this batagor largely unknown, but along with an innovative menu batagor trash has been known by many people todemand this business would be attractive to people of Jakarta.
One of the best-selling menu batagor trash is batagor barbeque. Initially only onemenu item that we spend, the oriental sauce. It’s just a variation of the extra sauce.But we also do not meyangka if consumer demand is very high so our menucontinues to expand it to be 5 different menu. On the other outlet concepts appealbatagor Gembel most successful is the concept that we made. Little by little weperfected this concept, from the taste, menu variety and refine pengemasan.Kamiwas not separated from the role of loyal consumers and customers often provide input. Finally in January 2009 we formally develop this concept into the concept ofindoor batagor Gembel which is becoming a promising venture.

Renewable Energy Development Potential Waves by the Sea in Indonesia (Case Study: Yogyakarta)

Satrio Hadisnugroho¹, AufaFadhli Pratomo², Dwijayanti Arum Sari³

Padjadjaran University, Indonesia, www.unpad.ac.id

e-mail: hadis_satrio@yahoo.com

 

Abstract

 

Electricity demand is increasing every year, so between the availability of electrical energy to the electricity needs are not comparable. The power plant in Indonesia is still much to rely on fossil fuel energy to produce electrical energy. Fossil fuels are not renewable energy, so in the future fossil-based energy can not be used anymore. Indonesia with its natural resource potential, particularly the sea have the potential to generate electricity that renewable energy and environmentally friendly. Sea Wave Power Generation using OWC (Ocillating Water Column) is an alternative piece of equipment to convert the energy generated by ocean waves into electrical energy. Sea Wave Power Generation OWC method developed by BPPT (Institute for Research and Technology) in particular BPDP (Research Institute for Coastal Dynamics) in Parang Racuk beach in Yogyakarta. Prototype Sea Power Plant was built in 2004. OWC prototype BPDP placed in locations that have the same pattern of ocean waves. Results of research prototypes with the size of 3×3 meters and a height of 4 feet managed to record the potential waves as high as 80 centimeters at full tide conditions are equivalent to 522 Watt power potential. In 2006 the BPDP – BPPT re-build the OWC with limpet system that was built adjacent to the OWC was built in 2004 but with different models. This OWC generate electric power of 2.25 megawatts, enough to meet the electricity needs for 3,000 houses. Although the power plant is still under development but the presence Wave Power Plant in the future can be a solution to replace fossil-fueled power plants are not renewable. This study is necessary to continue to develop alternative power generation technology that comes from the ocean considering the potential for marine owned Indonesia has not been used optimally.

 

Keywords: renewable energy, electricity, wave

Introduction

 

The rapid development in the field of industry, technology, and information and the increasing number of people in Indonesia now requires the fulfillment of the electric energy demand is increasing while the production of energy itself is still not able to meet the energy demand. Moreover the production of electric energy in Indonesia is generally derived from fossil fuels that are not renewable. Meanwhile, electric energy consumption continues to increase in line with economic growth and population growth. But in reality, that fossil fuel reserves are owned by Indonesia is limited.

 

Use of fossil fuel energy has generated a lot of problems. Among the health problems, environmental pollution, economic and even the potential to cause international conflicts resulting from land tenure disputes that are rich in fossil energy sources. Another problem that must be faced in energy development in Indonesia, namely the distribution of electric energy supply is not evenly distributed in some remote areas of Indonesia so that still many people who do not enjoy electrical energy. Abundant natural resources owned by Indonesia, which should have the potential to fulfill the electrical energy for the development of civilization in Indonesia was not able to be managed to meet the energy needs of electricity in Indonesia. In fact, that the current energy crisis hit Indonesia either for the fulfillment of fuel or electricity for energy. Meanwhile, various solutions on offer are still to be partial and short-term. Meeting the energy to electricity is still relying on fossil energy is limited and not renewable. Therefore, currently carried out various studies to reduce reliance on the use of energy sources are not renewable. The development of alternative energy that uses renewable energy sources into electrical energy efforts to the fulfillment of efficient and environmentally friendly.

 

Indonesia, which is an archipelagic nation united by a sea of course, have the potential to be utilized to solve energy problems that occurred in Indonesia. One of them is to use ocean waves to generate energy. In Indonesia alone, ocean wave energy utilization has been done in some places, that is precisely in the areas of Java island city of Yogyakarta. Yogyakarta is a region in Indonesia which has the greatest potential for ocean waves than other regions. Sea Wave Power Plant in the Yogyakarta area on the coast of Parang Racuk precisely developed by BPPT (Institute for Research and Technology) in particular BPDP (Research Institute for Coastal Dynamics). Prototype This Sea Power using OWC (Ocillating Water Column) in 2004. In 2006 the BPDP – BPPT re-build the OWC with the system on the coast of Parang Racuk limpet. OWC limpet. OWC OWC limpet built side by side with 2004 but with different models.

This paper is a study on the potential application of Sea Wave Power Plant in the Yogyakarta area on the coast of Parang Racuk precisely. To utilize the energy contained in ocean waves, first the necessary knowledge about the ocean waves. These include parameters (height, period, speed), statistics and energy spectrum of ocean waves. Also needed information about sea surface elevation, through the measurement data and field survey in the sea area.

 

Main Result

 

Indonesia, including the State with the largest area. About two-thirds of its territory is the sea with an area of about 52 million km2. Indonesia also has the longest beaches in the world after Canada that stretches about 80,000 km. It’s a tremendous potential. Indonesia is a country rich in marine energy, the energy generated by the sea. It is therefore natural that Indonesia relies on renewable energy is being owned by one of them is sea Sea Wave Energy. This is an appropriate solution and strategic for the State of Indonesia. Sea Wave energy is very suitable to supply the energy needs of the port cities and remote islands in Indonesia.

 

Mechanism Waves by Wind

Ocean waves is a natural phenomenon that illustrates the transmission of energy and momentum, but does not move the sea materi.Sea waves usually appear by the influence of wind, although there are still factors – other factors that could cause waves in the sea such as seismic activity on the seabed (earthquakes), volcanic eruptions, the movement of the ship, gravity celestial bodies (moon and sun) [6 ]

Simak

Baca secara fonetik

 

Basically, the movement of the ocean that produce impulse waves caused by wind movement. The wind pressure differences arising on the 2 point response caused by the air heating by the sun different in the two spot. Given the nature of the wave energy can be categorized as renewable energy.

 

The wind is blowing above the sea level is the main generator of waves, which occur due to wind bergeseknya with surface seawater to produce ripples, waves and then into the waves, so it can be concluded that sufficient wind conditions allow to obtain good quality waves.

 

Nature – nature is influenced by factors of wind waves and wind at least three of the most influential factors are:

1. Wind Speed. More tight wind blows, the bigger the waves are formed, and to produce high speed and large wavelengths.
2. wind duration, Height, speed and wavelength increases with the length of the wind blowing.
3. Distance no barrier where the wind was blowing, known as the fetch.

 

Ocean waves can be viewed ideally shaped wave which has a maximum peak height and minimum valley. At intervals, the peak height reached a series of sea waves is different, even the height of this peak is different for the same location when measured on different days. Yet to be determined statistically significant wave height at one point a specific location.

 

The height and wave period depends on the length of fetch. Fetch is the distance traveled journey from the initial wave. Fetch is limited by the form of land surrounding the sea. The longer the distance fetchnya, wave height will be even greater. Wind also has an important influence on wave height. Stronger winds will produce larger waves.

 

Wave which propagates from the deep ocean (deep water) leading to the beach will experience changes in shape due to the change in deep water. If the wave moving toward the coast, the movement of waves at the bottom of the seabed adjacent to slow down. This is the result of friction / friction between water and shore base. Meanwhile, the top of the waves on the surface of the water would go. More and headed to the beach, the waves will be more sharp peaks and the valleys will be more flat. This phenomenon which causes the wave is then broken.

Figure 1:Formation of Sea Waves [7]

 

Technology OWC (Ocillating Water Column)

OWC technology utilizing ocean waves trapped in the hollow column. OWC is one of the systems and equipment that can convert ocean wave energy into electrical energy by using the field oscillation. Waves push air trapped in the column so that the drive turbine. As illustrated below, the tool will capture the OWC wave energy on the hole OWC door, causing fluctuations or oscillations of water movement in the OWC chamber, then air pressure will move the turbine blades are connected to electrical generators to produce electricity. [2]

 

Figure 2: Work System OWC (oscillating Water Column) [8]

Terms economical for the development of OWC is the availability of a minimum of 15 KW power/wavelength meter with OWC in place in the sea at a depth of 5 meters and 8 meters. Wave energy potential annual average in Parang Racuk based on the study is 18 KW/m wavelength.

 

The region has the potential to be developed as an alternative energy source of ocean waves. Year 2004 Prototype OWCS BPDP placed in locations that have the same wave pattern. Results of research prototypes with the size of 3×3 meters and a height of 4 feet managed to record the potential waves as high as 80 centimeters at full tide conditions are equivalent to 522 Watt power potential. In 2006 the BPDP – BPPT re-build the OWC with the system on the coast of Parang Racuk limpet. OWC limpet. OWC OWC limpet built side by side with 2004 but with different models. With high hopes that the wave energy can be utilized and the efficiency of this limpet OWC will be larger than the OWC before. This OWC generate electric power of 2.25 megawatts, enough to meet the electricity needs for 3,000 houses.

 

Discussion

 

According Keoleian [4], the energy source is divided into two groups, namely non-renewable energy sources (non-renewable energy sources) and renewable energy (renewable energy resources). Wave energy is a renewable energy alternatives that are environmentally friendly and can be recycled so that will never run out.

 

According to the Electric Power Riseach Institute (EPRI), Sea Wave Power Generation more precisely built off the coast, is 1-2 miles from the coast, because as new and renewable energy, sea wave energy is the most environmentally friendly energy, to minimize the problem of aesthetic burdensome enough energy infrastructure projects, the availability of ocean wave energy is more predictable than solar energy or wind energy, making it easily integrated into the network besar. Cause at sea, corrosion-resistant equipment necessary materials are relatively quite expensive. However, the advantage of sea wave energy is the energy source of continuous existence is not affected seasons and is a renewable energy the most environmentally friendly. In addition to the free energy (no need fuel) and renewable, energy waves can also produce a large and cheap energy. The availability of sea wave energy is more predictable dibangdingkan with solar energy or wind energy, making it easily integrated into large networks. In 2005, Sea Wave Power Plant in the world installed capacity of 2.29 MW, 0.75 MW, ie Scotland, Australia 0.5 MW, 0.5 MW and the United States in Portugal. It seems that in the Sea Wave Power Generation will continue to grow especially in the United States, with an installed capacity as listed in table 1. [1]

Table 1:Estimated growth in the United States PLTGL [1]Simak

Year	Installed capacity [ MW ]
2006	0
2007	1
2008	4
2009	8
2010	120

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Kamus – Lihat kamus yang lebih detail

 

But in making use of wave energy is memilliki several weaknesses, among them depends on the characteristics of waves which can sometimes result in large energy sometimes not, so the choice of location should be taken into account appropriately. The ideal location is a great consistent waves and subsequently fitted with equipment which is resistant to bad weather. If dibandingkaan with other green technologies like solar and wind, ocean wave energy provides availability of up to 90% with the region indefinitely. As long as there are waves, then the electrical energy could be obtained.
It can be said of human life today can not be separated from electrical energy and fossil fuels. Dependence turned out to have an impact which is bad for human life. The use of fossil fuels such as petroleum, coal and natural gas in various activities, such as in power generation, transportation and industry, will lead the growing number of emissions of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Although both produce greenhouse gas emissions, but emissions resulting from the use of three types of fossil fuels are different.

 

Table 2: Content of Carbon Emissions Each Type of Fuel [5]

Type of Fuel	Emissions of CO₂/kWh (gr CO₂)
Batu Bara	940
MinyakBumi	798
Gas AlamCair	581

 

According to the IPCC [3], with increasing CO2 concentration as much as doubled, then the predicted increase in global temperatures that will happen is at 1.4 to 5.8 ° C.

 

Table 3: Concentrations of greenhouse gases by IPCC scenario [3]

Tahun	CO₂ (ppm)	PerubahanSuhu Global (⁰C)	KenaikanMuka Air Laut (cm)
1990	354	0	0
2000	367	0,2	2
2050	463-623	0,8-2,6	5,0-32
2100	478-1.099	1,4-5,8	9,0-32

 

So the use of renewable energy from ocean waves energy is a solution to replace fossil fuel energy. Because the use of ocean wave energy or emit no carbon that can cause changes in global temperature resulting from their utilization.

 

Summary

 

Ocean wave power plant using OWC (Ocillating Water Column) can be used as one of alternative renewable power generation and environmentally friendly. With electric power generated by ocean wave power plant with OWC method of 2.25 megawatts, enough to meet the electricity needs for 3,000 houses. Indonesia has the potential of marine natural resources, particularly that it will be exploited as a renewable energy so that the development of this technology need to continue to reduce dependence on fossil fuels are not renewable.

 

References

 

[1] Bedard, Roger. at al., “Ocean Wave Energy Conversion Technology” , WhitePaper Submitted to the western Governor Asscotiation Clean and Diversified Energy Advisory Commite” EPRI,  15 Desember 2005.

[2]Green Energy Works, 2006. Wave Power. http://www.greenenergyworks.org.uk/

[3] IPCC, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Climate Change 2001 :Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Summary for Policymakers and Technical Summary of the Working Group II Report.WMO-UNDP. 2001.

[4] Keoleian, G. A., and Lewis, G. M. 2003. Modeling the life cycle and environ-

mental performance of amorphous silicon BIPVroofing in theUS. Renewable

Energy. 28: 271–293.

[5] May Antoinette Ajero, Estimating CO₂ Emissions Reduction by Example, 2003

[6] Nining, S.N.2002.Oseanografi Fisis.Kumpulan Transparansi Kuliah Oseanografi Fisika,Program Studi Oseanografi,ITB

[7] Ocean Wave, 2010. Homepage. http://www.merriam-webster.com/

[8] Rise, 2010. Homepage.http://www.rise.org.au/info/Tech/wave/index.html

Zoning Landscape Bali Beach Tourism Development

Satrio Hadisnugroho¹, Eirene Christina Hutabarat² dan Dwijayanti Arum Sari³

^1,2,3 Marine Science and Techology (MST) Laboratory, Padjadjaran University, Mahasiswa Ilmu Kelautan

Email : hadis_satrio@yahoo.co.id

ABSTRACT

This review studies the coastal tourism development landscape zoning area in Bali. Bali Island is located at 825’ 23” south latitude and 115 14’ 55” east longitude. The island is a natural tourism destination, especially the nautical tourism with its unique variety of arts and culture. Bali Island is famous for its beautiful beaches which lead Bali to be a major tourist destination in the country. Coasts of bali is a potential area for tourists’ destination since the development of Bali considers the elements of tourism development, including the development of tourist attraction areas (i.e. landscape, beach) and tourism infrastructures. However, the development of these coastal areas tends to change the environment. The spatial planning should recognize the characteristics of land, including the natural resources contented. Coastal tourism development will affect the coastal landscape changes, such as the development of beach recreation park, panorama, resort, beach, sport area, boating area, and mangrove tour area. Coastal tourism site is affected by various conditions, physical and chemical conditions, such as temperature, water cleanliness, pH, salinity, and depth; biological conditions such as biodiversity of flora; and tourism conditions such as the density of buildings, tourism facilities, and visitors’ perception of the beach landscape aesthetics. Development of a coastal tourism areas has both positive and negativeeffects toward the beach condition. Therefore, landscape zoning area needs to be done.

Keywords: landscape, beach, tourism, and zoning

Potential Damage to Coral Reffs (Coral Bleaching) Global Warming on Coral Reef Triangle Area

Floating rafts Technology Application To Aquaculture Seaweed (Gracillaria sp) to the coastal communities Mancagahar Village District Pameungpeuk Garut

LOMBOK is Beautiful Island

 

Siapa sih yang ngga kenal atau tau, kalau Indonesia itu Archipelago Country. Kita tau bahwa Indonesia punya banyak pulau, mulai dari Pulau yang uda terkenal, sebut saja Bali, Raja Ampat, Bunaken, dll. Nah yang satu ini kayanya belum seheboh Bali, padahal ini tempat dekat dengan Bali dan waw, ternyata pelabuhannya pun bersih tidak seperti pelabuhan umumnya yang banyak minyak atau limbah kapal yaitu Lombok island. Uhmm sepertinya di dermaga pelabuhan bisa snorklingan nih, hehehe..

Lombok itu kira-kira terbagi menjadi tiga bagian yaitu Lombok Barat, Lombok Tengah, Lombok Timur.

Di Lombok itu terkenal kuliner yang pedas-pedas seperti ayam taliwang, kangkung plecing, dll.

Dan Lombok terkenal dengan mutiara, karena lombok sebagai trade center dari perhiasan yang high class ini punya banyak jenis mutiara (Pinctada maxima) yaitu mutiara air laut, air tawar, dengan harga jual dari 100.000- jutaan rupiah.

dan kebetulan juga saya praktek kerja lapang di Balai budidaya laut Lombok.

Jadi bagi teman-teman yang ingin berbelanja silahkan cari di daerah Ampenan, Mataram, Lombok Barat. Di situ banyak sekali pengrajin mutiara yang menjual produk perhiasan seperti kalung, gelang, anting, dll.

Lombok juga terkenal dengan kerang abalone, rumput laut serta komoditas lainnya yang sangat banyak. selain itu pantai nya jernih sekali, berbeda sekali dengan pantai Bali.

Dan disana juga ada pantai Kuta , sama seperti Bali namanya, namun berbeda sekali keadannya di Lombok pantai nya masih bersih, dan belum banyak sampah, serta enak banget deh apabila bisa main di pantai sana. orang-orang bule juga banyak kesana, seperti orang France, waktu itu sempat ketemu dengan Mr. Michael dan istrinya , dia orangnya ramah, dan sangat menyukai sekali keadaan di Pulau Lombok, kata dia kalau di Lombok itu nyaman, ga ribet, pokonya mantap alias GREAT !!

 

Jadi Lombok itu bener-bener tempat buat liburan deh.

Bingung untuk pergi kesana nya, gampang, ini ada beberapa tips agar bisa liburan dari sana.

Jika menggunakan jalur darat budget kesana kurang lebih sekitar 300 ribu, dengan rincian :

1. apabila dari Bandung bisa  memakai kereta Bisnis Mutiara Selatan dengan lama perjalanan 12 jam jurusan Bandung-Surabaya. Harga Tiket sekitar 140 ribu.

2. dari surabaya langsung ke terminal menggunakan Bis Cepat yaitu Tiara Mas dengan Jurusan Surabaya-Mataram lama perjalanan sekitar 12 jam. langsung tiba di kota Mataram, Ibu Kota Lombok.

Jika menggunakan jalur udara, bisa menggunakan pesawat Lion Air, Batavia air, Garuda , dll.

1. apabila menggunakan Lion Air biasanya rentang harga promo sekitar 600 ribu one way.

Jadi jika ingin pergi ke Lombok jangan lupa cari tempat tinggal atau home stay yang murah.

Enjoy your trip in Beautiful Island Lombok.

 

Definition, concept and process of marine Aquaculture (Abalone shells)

Abalone Shellfish Mariculture history
Marine aquaculture is a human endeavor through labor and energy inputs, to increase the production of economically important marine by manipulating the rate of growth, mortality and reproduction. farming activities have been done long ago, namely the maintenance of the media for feeding water to aquatic organisms is maintained.
Marine aquaculture has a long history since 2000 BC when people in Japan started the maintenance of marine oysters (oyster). Known from the literature, that China has been keeping fish in saltwater since 475 BC and the cultivation of oysters in the sea Junani since 100 years before Christ.
Early marine aquaculture or mariculture in Indonesia was marked by the successful cultivation of pearls by the Japanese company in 1928 in Buton, Southeast Sulawesi. Furthermore, beginning in the 1970s conducted experiments and development of seaweed culture (Euchema sp.) On the island of Sulawesi Samaringa-Central, with the cooperation between the Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Denmark and the company ‘. Meanwhile, the early 1980′s many live grouper export business in the Riau Islands and make a step on the net cages floating net as a shelter to live grouper catches before it is exported to Singapore and Hongkong. The development of marine aquaculture, especially in floating net (KJA) triggered by the success of hatchery fish in hatcheries and grouper en masse in the 1990s in Aquaculture Research Station in Gondol Bali.
The new commodity that should be cultivated the Abalone because this commodity could be worth a premium exotic meals, and even sold abroad.Probably not many people know about the Abalone, although this sea of commodities has long been exploited, especially in America. Historically, the California Abalone has been arrested by the Chinese American population since the 1850s. While in Indonesia until now only few people knew it. Abalone Aquaculture Workshop began to study Mariculture Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara since 1999. In the classification of animals, including sea creatures Abalone of the class Gastropoda, family Haliotidae, Haliotis species (marine ears). She looked like a snail shell which has only the top only. A unique, endemic animals, not all the places there. Moving so slowly that it is easy prey of predators, including humans. He lived on the seabed, especially fabricated. Area of Indonesia that has this species is the NTB (Lombok south central), Ambon, Madura, and Bajo (South Sulawesi).
Why?
Population growth and changes in household consumption society toward a more healthy animal protein is one of the causes of the increasing demand of fishery products.
Marine and coastal aquaculture activities most likely to become the foundation for an abundant food source in the future, because the chances of capture fisheries production continues to decline
Abalone shellfish aquaculture business development in the future has bright prospects, given that it has several advantages both from cultivation to marketing techniques.
Abalone meat has high nutritional content of protein with 71.99%, fat 3.20%, fiber 5.60%, 11.11% ash, and water content of 0.60% and the shell has an aesthetic value that can be used for jewelry , making buttons and various other forms of handicraft items. Production of abalone shells now more widely available than in the wild catch, and this will cause a shortage kekwatiran will end in extinction.
Abalone abroad can be an expensive exotic food. Abalone exotic menu is visible on one of the restaurants in Hong Kong are displaying their products on the internet. Menu called Abalone with congee is pegged at U.S. $ 82 (more than $ 700,000.00). Because of its nature in an easy caught and of high economic value (as sea food), then led to over exploitation and trade of these animals.
Understanding?
Marine aquaculture is a human effort, using inputs of labor and energy, to increase the production of marine organisms by manipulating the growth, mortality and reproduction, or can be defined as efforts to develop the potential of natural resources in a limited area both open or closed
Other types?
The types of the raft hanging culture techniques, ponds, floating net cages, nets and cages step.
Scope?
A. Chemical Oceanography (pH, salinity, temperature, inorganic mineral)
2. Biological oceanography (the distribution of nutrients)
3. Physical oceanography (wave, tide, currents)
4. environmental management
5. socio – economic (empowerment to coastal communities / farmers, production management, marketing management)

A. Selection of Locations
As an initial step is the selection of marine aquaculture farming exact location.Therefore, the selection and location determination must be based on consideration of ecological farming, technical, hygiene, socio-economic, and regulatory provisions in force. Site selection should be done by considering a combination of several factors that were examined thoroughly.
Live abalone shells on a sandy reef areas around the coast and rarely even there is no dimuara river. This will be the primary consideration in selecting the location of abalone shellfish aquaculture. Therefore, not all locations can be used as a place of cultivation of abalone shells. In addition to the location factor, a very important factor to consider is the safety factor. Safety factor is one determinant of the success of any business activities conducted. The location is very ideal but if the safety factor does not support will result in losses resulting from theft and this will result in substantial losses.

A. Technical requirements
By their very nature are highly influenced by water conditions, the environment for marine aquaculture in floating net cages is crucial to business success. A good site selection must consider the aspects of physics, biology, and chemistry are suitable waters for marine life. In addition, site selection should also take into account the efficiency of the operational costs of cultivation.
2. Socio-economic requirements
Here are some of the socio-economic aspects that need attention in the selection and determination of the location.
a) Location affordable. Farming location is chosen should be easily accessible location.
b) labor. Labor should be selected that has a residence adjacent to the location of cultivation, especially the empowerment of communities and fishermen.
c) Means and pre facilities. Aquaculture sites should be adjacent to the transportation infrastructure to facilitate the transport of ynag adequate materials, seeds, and other outcomes.
d) The condition of society. Society that is more conducive conditions will allow the development of marine farming in the area.
3. Non-technical requirements
Non-technical requirements that must be met in site selection are:
a) Keterlindungan. Aquaculture sites must be protected from physical harm that can cause damage. For example, big waves and wind. Therefore, the location of cultivation is usually chosen in a protected or blocked by the island.
b) Security site. Theft problems should be considered in site selection process of cultivation in order safely and undisturbed cultivation.
c) Conflict of interest. Aquaculture sites should not be a conflict of interest, for example, between fishing and nonperikanan (tourism).
d) Aspects of regulation and legislation. Site selection should be appropriate and not break the rules so that cultivation can be sustained.
B. Raising the technical
Based on the method of cultivation, the current-Loka Mariculture Lombok has implemented and developed two methods, namely: 1). Pen-culture method (step cage) and 2). Floating Net Cage method (KJA). In both these methods has a specification different locations.
a. Pen-Culture Methods.
Location requirements for the cultivation of abalone shells with a pen-culture method is as follows:
- The coastal area with low rainfall
Location should have a low rainfall throughout the year, this is to avoid fluctuations in the parameters, especially salinity of sea water are striking. In areas of high rainfall will berdanpak very bad at low tide, which would be flooded by rain water on the location of the pen-culture, resulting in salinity will drop drastically. If this lasts long enough will cause stress and endanger the lives of abalone shells and lead to death.
- The coastal area is far away / no estuaries.
It aims to avoid abrasion of fresh water that can lead to changes in water quality, particularly salinity and particles and waste are carried by river currents. State just as it gives a bad effect on the lives danpak abalone shells. Therefore, this area should not be used as the location of abalone shells buddiaya.
- The state of a sloping beach / flat (no steep / steep).
Kedaan sloping beach / flat construction makes it easy to build pen-culture, and vice versa, in the rugged coastal area would make it difficult to put construction / container cultivation.
- Basic sand beaches and rocky sea algae that grows there (ex: seagrass beds)
The selection of sites like this to get closer to the state of the container cultivation of native habitat in the form of abalone shells. In addition, in the sandy areas of mud particles in suspension or loss of water is very little so the water clarity remains assured. The presence of algae growing in the area will become a benchmark for the sustainability of food availability and survival of feed to be provided as Gracilaria sp. In contrast, the region will continue to occur muddy turbidity due to soil-borne particles in the body of water that can cause sludge / sediment that ultimately endanger the lives of the abalone shell abalone shell can accumulate in the sediment, making it hard to get oxygen which eventually became a high mortality rate.
- The water level at low tide.
At low tide, the location should remain in flooded areas, if the site is located on the dry beach area, then the inside of the pen-culture must be excavated to a depth of at least 10-15cm in order to maintain a pool of water at low tide. It aims to avoid temperature changes are very striking and avoids the dryness of the abalone shells in the long term can lead to death.
- Easily accessible and supervised.
Must be easily accessible location (close to residential), aims to facilitate monitoring at all times, especially damage to construction or other things that can cause harm and endangering the lives of abalone shells, such as a predator. In addition, nearby locations are also appropriate security measures.
- The wave / surf beaches are not too large
Coastal location should be sheltered from the blows of the waves are big enough, aim to avoid damage to the container / pen-culture construction. Another thing, a location that has the big waves so economical means of age will be shorter and will increase the cost of construction should be sturdy and repair, of course this will reduce profit margins and may even result in losses.
b. KJA method
Abalone shellfish aquaculture site selection by KJA in principle the same method with the selection of sites on grouper aquaculture duck (Cromileptes altivelis) by KJA system. Therefore, the cultivation of abalone shells can be done in conjunction with a duck in a net of carp different or separate. The location requirements are as follows:
- Natural disturbance factor.
Waves and currents:
A big wave would lead to a raft of strong shocks, this will cause damage to the construction of rafts and the difficulty in working. In addition, the current strength is also crucial. Closely related to the circulation flow of water in a container maintenance / nets. Strong currents will be able to lead terlilitnya container / net.Therefore, the great wave should
Instead of up-welling areas:
This location is protected from the base surface of the water cycle (up-welling). On the frequent up-welling is very harmful to living organisms that are kept, where the bottom water with very low oxygen content and toxic gases will surface that can cause mass mortality. Such locations should be avoided.
Pollution:
Abalone shells is an animal that moves very slowly so that if there is a good pollution industrial pollution, sewage ponds and from the local community will be difficult to avoid, the result will be mass death.
Water depth:
Depth of the water affects the quality of water at that location. Shallow location will be easier due to the agitation of the influence of the wave base, which in turn cause turbidity. As a basic benchmark at low tide the water depth should be more than 3m from the base waring / nets.
- Water quality factors.
Table 1. Parameter kualita water for shellfish aquaculture abalone (H. asinina).
No Parameter Unit Value Average
A. 30-33 ppt salinity
2. 29.5 to 30 ° C temperature
3. DO mg / l from 5.9 to 6.11
4. pH – 8.2 to 8.9
5. Ppm ammonia
6 Brightness m> 10
Source: Mariculture Loka-Lombok, NTB. 2005
Factors of water quality is not an obstacle if the area is a grouper fish farming areas. Another case in the new location, there should be an approach to the measurement of water quality parameters and test measures that are simple if you do not have a water quality measuring device that is by maintaining some abalone shells on the tail area, at least about 2-4 weeks ( about 1 month), and the observed parameter is to survive and be able to eat the feed given. This will be used as a benchmark that the site has been able to support the cultivation of abalone shells.

Process activities
Pre-cultivation?
Pre-cultivation of the time in which prior to cultivation, which is referred to in the pre-cultivation, among others: Human Resources (HR), Capital, Markets and Consumers, and cultivation techniques.
Human Resources is an important aspect in conducting a farming activity, because without the human resources we can make farming impossible. HR associated with the availability of skilled labor is often a problem that is mendasar.Namun, provision of skilled labor can be pursued through a training-pelatihan.Biasanya we can take advantage of the residents around the location of cultivation are not having a sedentary job, so as to create new jobs for them.
Capital is a factor that might have said should be in every farmer, the farmers usually work with investors.
Markets and Consumers need to be considered prior to cultivation. Perhaps in abalone farming in Indonesia is still not known why this cultivation should be developed because it is very useful and a promising potential.
abalone shells merpakan herbivore animals, the plant-eating animals and actively feeding in the dark. Type of food is commonly called seaweed macro algae. Type of seaweed / sea macro-algae growing very diverse. Broadly speaking there are three classes of seaweed / macro algae that live in the sea, namely: 1) macro red algae (Red seaweeds), 2) brown algae (Brown seaweeds), and 3) green algae (Green seaweed). These three classes are divided into several types and diverse. Diversity is not everything can be utilized as food abalone shells.
Abalone seed production method is to stem from natural selection, natural spawning, maintenance of the live feed, larval rearing and nursery Abalone, harvest the seeds for enlargement. Larvae carried out in fiber glass tub capacity of 1.5 m3. Initial feeding of benthic Nitzschia sp, 2 to 2.5 months of age Abalone seed are able to eat seaweed Gracilaria sp.
Cultivation?
Monotoring organisms, seeds, tools reconstruction, environmental
Feed is the most important thing in terms of farming abalone shells, abalone shells untu feed is usually macroalgal or seaweed. The following species / type of seaweed that abalone shells can be used as food, namely:
a. Macro red algae, namely:
- Corallina
- Lithothamnium
- Gracilaria
- Jeanerettia
- Porphyra
b. Macro brown algae:
- Ecklonia
- Laminaria
- Macrocystis
- Nereocystis
- Undaria
- Sargasum
c. Macro green algae such as Ulva
Post-cultivation?
Abalone harvesting is done without using tools, but using your hands after the market size is reached. In the remote areas, fishermen caught abalone preserved by boiling, and then dried before being sold / exported. For now, the cultivation of abalone sold in the form preserved in refrigerated / frozen.
Marketing Management:
a. Offer
amount of crop production and cultivation of abalone jhasil still under development so for marketing is still less than optimal and could not be determined by the market.
b. Price
for abalone aquaculture is not yet know the price for sure.
c. Marketing
abalone aquaculture marketing is still in the stage of development yet to be developed intensively as have the potential to be beneficial in terms of economic and social.